04IMS · Voice Track

Advanced IMS Scenarios & Service Engineering

The service layer above the base procedures — the services an operator actually runs.

Training  /  Course 04

Aims — what you can do after

  • Read initial Filter Criteria and predict which Application Server a request hits — and what happens when it is down.
  • Trace the full Cx command set, including the two the base course skipped.
  • Distinguish re-INVITE from UPDATE, and explain the QoS-preconditions mechanism.
  • Execute the MMTEL services: hold/resume, call waiting, diversion, barring and identity.
  • Follow transfer (REFER) and conference call-flows.
  • Route an emergency call: emergency registration, the service URN, and PSAP selection.
  • Explain terminating access-domain selection, EPS fallback and single-radio continuity.
  • Resolve a called number the way a network does, and understand interconnect topology hiding.
  • Compute voice quality from captures, and correlate charging across nodes.

The idea that unlocks the course

                       Application Server (MMTEL, forwarding, ...)
                          ^                    |
                          |  ISC (SIP)         |  Sh (to the HSS)
                          |                    v
  INVITE --> S-CSCF --[ evaluate filter criteria in priority order ]--> onward
            #  matched a rule?  hand the request to that AS, then continue

The service layer: CSCFs route, Application Servers implement — filter criteria connect them.

Flow — services on both sides of a call

  UE-A     S-CSCF(orig)     AS(orig)     S-CSCF(term)     AS(term)     UE-B
   |          |               |             |               |          |
   |--INVITE-->|--filter------>|             |               |          |     originating services
   |          |<--(changed)---|             |               |          |
   |          |------------- INVITE -------->|--filter------>|          |     terminating services
   |          |               |             |<--(changed)---|          |
   |          |               |             |------------ INVITE ------>|     delivered
   #  a service that 'works from my phone but not for customers' tested only one side

One call crosses the service layer twice — originating and terminating.

Special path — emergency calls

  NORMAL:     UE -> P-CSCF -> S-CSCF -> (filters -> AS) -> callee
  EMERGENCY:  UE -> P-CSCF -> E-CSCF -> (location) -> PSAP
  #  forwarding, barring and identity-restriction must NOT apply to an emergency call

An emergency call takes a different path — it skips the whole service layer on purpose.

The MMTEL suite you exercise

Hold / resumeCall waitingDiversion (CFU/CFB/CFNR)BarringCaller ID (CLIP/CLIR)Transfer (REFER)ConferenceEmergency (sos)T-ADSEPS fallback / SRVCCENUM / interconnectCodecs / DTMF / MOSCharging (ICID)

Roughly half the course is offline reference call-flows — 20 annotated ladders that render with no lab, so it covers elements a single-VM lab cannot host.

Module breakdown

0
Bootstrap & the call-flow renderer20 min
The tooling that draws every ladder — pure text, no lab required.
1
The service layer: filter criteria & Application Servers35 min
How an IMS network gets services at all.
2
Registration deep dive35 min
The reg-event package, network-initiated de-registration, restoration.
3
Session modification35 min
Reliable provisional responses, UPDATE, QoS preconditions, early media.
4
MMTEL I — hold & call waiting30 min
Hold as an SDP direction change, driven live.
5
MMTEL II — diversion & barring35 min
The forwarding family, loop prevention, and barring codes.
6
MMTEL III — identity25 min
Caller-ID presentation and restriction, asserted identity, privacy.
7
Transfer & conference30 min
REFER, dialog replacement, the conference focus.
8
Emergency calls30 min
The service URN, the emergency CSCF, location and callback.
9
Continuity30 min
Access-domain selection, EPS fallback, single-radio voice-call continuity.
10
Interconnect30 min
Number-to-URI resolution, the border gateway, number portability.
11
Advanced media35 min
Codec negotiation, DTMF, receiver reports, a quality score.
12
Charging25 min
Offline vs online, and the identifier that ties a call together.
13
Resilience & the clinic40 min
Overload control and multi-layer fault localization.

What mastery of the service layer looks like

  • Predict an outage from a single configuration field before a maintenance window.
  • Read a forwarded / transferred call from its history headers.
  • Route an emergency call on paper, and know which services must be switched off.